Turbine.



w PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905. H. WAGNER. TURBINE.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrron.

HANS WAGNER, OF GREVENBROICH, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO MASCHI- NENFABRIK GREVENBROICH, OF GREVENBROIOH, GERMANY.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Oct. 17, 1905.

Application filed March 28, 1905. Serial No. 252,450.

To all whmn it may conoern:

Be it known that I, HANS WAGNER, engineer, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Grevenbroich, Rhine Province, Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam and Gas Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

In multitier steam and gas turbines having two speeds and simple expansion the rotating-wheel buckets are usually formed in such a way that they reverse the steam through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees, so that the direction of discharge of the steam is opposite to that in which it enters. The blades of the rotating wheel being arranged side by side, as shown in Figure 1, the direction of flow of the steam must also be altered one hundred and eighty degrees in the intermediate guide buckets which transmit the steam from one ring of drivingbuckets to the other in order that the admission of the steam and its escape from the ring of propelling-blades may take place without hammering on the walls of the buckets.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 shows this old arrangement. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the present arrangement. Fig. 3 is a vertical section at right angles to Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a modification.

The more the steam-jet is diverted in the guide-blades from the direction in which it enters the greater becomes the loss of energy of the steam.

This invention has for its object to provide an arrangement of buckets in which this loss of energy is avoided as far as possible. For this object the driving-wheel blades which reverse the steam through one hundred and eighty degrees are arranged either on opposed parallel faces of the ring of blades, Fig. 2, or on similar concentric cylindrical faces, Fig. 4, thus affording the possibility of giving to the guide-blades lying between them an angle smaller than one hundred and eighty degrees. Two such forms of construction are shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the blades 1) b, reversing the steam through one hundred and eighty degrees, are lying on two opposed parallel radial planes. The steam is admitted to the blades 1) through nozzles c. The transfer of the steam from the blades 1) to the blades 1) takes place by means of guide-blades (1, arranged between them and lying at right angles to them, Figs. 2 and 3, the curvature of which blades d in this arrangement is always less than one hundred and eighty degrees.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 the running-wheel blades 1) and b, which reverse the steam through one hundred and eighty degrees, are arranged on concentric, and therefore also parallel cylindrical, faces a and a of the rotating wheel. Here also the guideblades d, arranged between them and lying radially, have an angle of curvature which is considerably less than one hundred and eighty degrees.

Instead of one pair of rings of blades several such could also be employed.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is In multitier steam or gas turbines, in which the direction of flow of the steam in the running-wheel blades is reversed through one hundred and eighty degrees, a wheel hav ing the buckets on two opposed parallel planes a, a combined with guide-blades d which are arranged in a casing at right angles to the parallel planes, the directions of the steam entrance and-discharge of which blades differ from one another less than one hundred and eighty degrees, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HANS WAGNER.

Witnesses PETER LIEBER, WILLIAM ESSENWEIN. 

